Needle stick injuries and their related safety measures among. Knowledge, awareness and practice regarding needle stick injuries in dental profession in india. The council directive 201032eu on the prevention of nsis describes minimum requirements for prevention and calls for the implementation of local, national and europewide. Community needle stick injury document id chqgdl65665 version no. Exposure to the bloodbody fluids of another person can result in the transmission of diseases like hiv, hepatitis b and hepatitis c. Needle sticksharps injuryhuman biteremove gloves or clothing covering the injured area. Hiv, hepatitis b and hepatitis c management of health.
Message boards regulations infection control needle stick protocol rela ted message boards needlestick protocol. If needle stick injury is not related to high risk exposure inform occupational health or accident and emergency out of hours and receive directions from that department. Knowledge, attitude and practices about needle stick injuries. When a sharps injury occurs, the first priority should be the team member with the injury. Needle stick injuries nsi has always been one of the most important risk factor for. Call the phone of the id dept 021 4922795 and leave voicemail with patients name, mrn, and brief case details, stating that patient should be booked into next clinic. Blood and body fluid exposure management bc centre for. Most needlestick injuries result from unsafe needle devices rather than carelessness by healthcare workers jshq, 1998, summer. In system, there is no risk of needle stick injury. Sharps contaminated with an infected patients blood can transmit more than 20 diseases, including hepatitis b, c and human immunodeficiency virus hiv.
Factors associated with needlestick injuries in health. Recommendations on the postexposure management and. Pdf needle stick injuries and compliance among doctors and. Carers will be informed of the steps to take in case of needle stick injury according to local protocol. All the studies were done involving dental students. Needlestick injuries are known to occur frequently in healthcare settings and. A personal account of the researcher on needle stick injury can serve as a lesson and. Risk of transmission of bbvs following exposure to an infected person source blood route estimated risk of transmission. Guideline for management of occupational exposure to blood. Guidelines on needle stick injury the following information is abstracted from the south african department of health guidelines entitled. Hse policy for the prevention of sharps injuries page 5 1.
Needlestick and sharps injuries among healthcare workers. What is needle stick injury a needle stick injury is a percutaneous piercing wound typically set by a needle point, but possibly also by other sharp instruments or objects. Needlestick drawing blood for needlestick injury in of. All carers will also be informed about how to safely dispose of unwanted used medicines and how medicines should best be stored in the patients home. What should i do immediately if i have sustained a contamination injury. Recommendations for the management of occupational. Needlesticks and other sharpsrelated injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. All sharps injury and mucosal exposure must be reported to the immediate supervisor, and to the casualty medical officer to evaluate the injury. Contact with the mucous membranes of the eye or mouth. Details of the needlestick injury should be filled by the supervisor and handed over to the hic nurse for further followup. Sharps can include other medical supplies, such as. Needlesticks and other sharpsrelated injuries which expose workers to bloodborne pathogens continue to be a significant hazard for hospital employees. Post exposure prophylaxis pep naco guidelines post exposure prophylaxis. In south africa, 91% of junior doctors reported sustaining a needlestick injury in the previous 12 months, and 55% of these injuries came from source patients who were hivpositive.
Dental team members who sustain a needlestick or other sharps injury may think that they should wait until the patient procedure is completed to manage and report these injuries, but that is not the case. Sharps containers should not be left lying around where children and other vulnerable people could gain access. Diseases that could be transmitted by a needle or needlestick injury include human immunodeficiency virus hiv, hepatitis b and hepatitis c. Mar 24, 2020 how to deal with a needle stick injury at work. Exposures must be reported as soon as first aid has been completed immediate action is extremely important step 1. Needle stick injury and other exposure incident form information for doctor appropriatel trained com etent healthcare worker dealing with the source patient before obtaining a blood sample for testing source of inoculation injury i. Develop an injury reporting protocol and documentation method. Needle stick injury nsi or cut with a sharp instrument contact with the mucous membrane of eye or mouth contact with nonintact skin abraded skin or with dermatitis contact with intact skin when the duration of contact is. Appendix 5 needle stick injury protocol general advice sharps containers should not be placed in bags prior to disposal. Which of the following is false in the event of a needle stick injury blood or body fluid exposure.
Source known to be infected with a blood borne virus. In general, risk for seroconversion is increased with a deep injury, an injury with a device visibly contaminated with the source patients blood, or an injury involving a needle placed in the source patients artery or vein. Injuries from needles used in medical procedures are sometimes called needlestick or sharps injuries. A study on assessing the awareness on needle stick injury. Ontario public health standards programs and services. The purpose of the needlesticksharps safety and prevention nsap handbook is to educate ona members on the recommended procedures that should be taken to prevent needlesticksharps injuries occurrence. Dgs environmental health and safety 2025768962 lea contact other situation description needle stick injuries can cause considerable anxiety because of. Go home and make appointment with private physician 20. To suggest measures for controlling infections caused due to needle stick injury 5.
Cdc bloodborne infectious diseases emergency needlestick. Health care workers primarily are exposed to these pathogens via contaminated needlestick and sharps injuries. Yet, these exposures often have been considered part of the job. The protocols and guidelines that accompany the standards are program and topicspecific documents incorporated into the standards which provide direction on how boards of health shall operationalize specific requirements identified in the standards. Needlestick injuries in primary care australian prescriber. At times, due to the nature of the profession they are training for and the tools they are using, learners may find themselves in need of support for an injury they have sustained in the course of treating a patient. May2017 page 2 of 21 pcr polymerase chain reaction pep post exposure prophylaxis source person from whom blood or body fluids originated window period refers to the time after a person has been exposed and is the. Safer needle devices have builtin safety control devices, such as those that use a selfsheathing needle, to help prevent injuries before. What should i do if i injure myself with a used needle. In addition to outlining the most important steps to injury. Ana needlestick guide v5 world health organization. Despite the high number of needle sticks that occur in healthcare. A useful source of information about contact with blood or body fluids is. Contamination incidents including needlestick injuries.
This risk varies with type of needle hollow vs solid, type of injury superficial vs intravenous etc, contamination visible blood present on needle and viral load of patient. To arrange followup with id prior to patients discharge from ed. Irrigate eyes with clean water, saline, or sterile irrigants. Sop for needle stick injury and other exposure incident form. Post exposure prophylaxis pep naco guidelines post exposure prophylaxis pep refers to the comprehensive management given to minimize the risk of infection following potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens hiv, hbv, hcy. If you sustain an injury with a needle or other sharp object that has been exposed to a patients body fluids, or if you splash a patients body fluid onto broken skin or mucous membranes, you may.
Injection needle aspiration device subcutaneous tissue intramuscular b. Use devices with safety features provided by your institution wherever possible. If the needles handled at the point of work several injuries can be avoided. The ontario hospital associationontario medical association 2016 estimate that after an injury in workplace situations from a needle contaminated with hepatitis b virus, there is a 6 to 30% chance that an exposed person will be infected. Needlestick and other sharps injuries are a serious hazard in any healthcare setting. Jan 05, 2014 exposures which place health personnel at risk of blood borne infection a percutaneous injury e. Management of occupational exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus hiv published in 1999. Bump into a needle, a sharp, or another worker while either person is holding a sharp. This protocol is not meant to serve as a textbook and therefore deliberately provides little, if any, explanation or background information. For the following scenarios featuring risk factors for blood borne virus transmission from a needle stick, discuss with a senior clinician and consider referral to the infectious diseases fellow during hours or oncall consultant after hours. These injuries can occur at any time when people use, disassemble, or dispose of needles.
Living is the protocol followed for a needle stick injury in manitoba. Material that has been added by odns has been placed in italics. Needle sticksharps injuryhuman biteremove gloves or clothing covering the. If you pierce or puncture your skin with a used needle, follow this first aid advice immediately. The standards are published by the minister of health and longterm care. Strategies for reducing needlestick injuries among health. Developed by the postexposure prophylaxis protocol update working group disclaimer. To protect the health and well being of the public by ensuring and promoting safe, patientcentred and progressive pharmacy practice. Because of this transmission risk, sharps injuries can cause worry and stress to the many thousands who receive them.
If you are stuck by a needle or other sharp or get. Sharps injuries, such as a needle or scalpel any object that can pierce the skin, and contact of mucous membranes or nonintact skin with blood, tissue or other bodily substances that are potentially infectious. Needle stick injuries and compliance among doctors and nurses article pdf available in bahrain medical bulletin 394. Bloodborne diseases that could be transmitted by a needlestick injury include human immunodeficiency virus hiv, hepatitis b hbv and hepatitis c hcv. Preventing needlestick injuries among healthcare workers. Community acquired needlestick injuries cansi in children are a cause of significant parental anxiety. Needlestick and sharps injuries nsis, are among the main jobrelated injuries that health care workers experience. Knowledge, attitude and practices about needle stick injuries in healthcare workers pakistan journal of medical research, 2011 july september 1 they always used disposable sharps but only 204% workers always used gloves while putting venous intra iv lines always and 306% used gloves often but not always.
When not disposed of properly, needles can hide in linen or garbage and injure other workers who encounter them unexpectedly. This will be achieved by promoting safe sharp practice and the use of safer sharps devices. Protocol for health care worker with needle stick or sharp injury health care workers with a needle stick are treated in accordance with health region protocols for staff link to centres with pep kits immediately. Thoroughly wash the wound with soap and water, and go to your doctor or nearest emergency department as soon as possible. A needlestick injury means the skin is accidentally punctured by a used needle. For staff members following occupational injury, followup should be organised with occupational health. Sharps injuries are a wellknown risk in the health and social care sector. Blood samples may be taken between time of injury and the end of shift. Every percutaneous needle stick and sharps injury carries a risk of infection from bloodborne pathogens. These sharp devices may have been in contact with infected blood borne viruses bbv such as hepatitis b, c and hiv.
Needlestick and other sharps injuries prevention help your health facility select and evaluate devices with safety features that reduce the risk of needle stick injury. Needlestick injuries are a hazard for people who work with hypodermic syringes and other needle equipment. Report on needlestick injury or body fluid splash dear employer. Infection prevention and control policy outlines the broad principles of infection control. Centers for disease control and prevention 1998a, guidelines for infection. How to prevent needlestick and sharps injuries bring standardlabeled, leakproof, punctureresistant sharps.
See boxes 1 and 2 below for definitions of highrisk injuries and body fluids. Needlestick injury rates according to different types of safety engineered devices. Hc needlestick policy tailored healthcare staffing. There is established precautions and protocols on needle stick and sharp injuries but is no known account in the philippines that these protocols are not followed. Postexposure management includes first aid, serological testing and counselling in all cases. If the exposure is mucosal, including to the eyes, or if the wound is large enough to irrigate, irrigate with copious amounts of saline or other clean fluid. Needle stick exposure protocol iowa head and neck protocols. Needle stick injury and accidental exposure to blood. Education to the staff as per the protocol of staff, based on the findings of the study. Many people worry about getting a disease like hepatitis or hiv from an accidental needle stick. Needle stick sharps injury human biteremove gloves or clothing covering the injured area. Prevention act signed into law in november, 2000 link to pdf file authorized oshas. Many needle stick injuries cause fear among the health care workers, leading to liabilities on the hospitals. In agreement with recommendations of the iran ministry of health and medical education, most of the nurses in this study had a satisfactory performance in taking the first action after nsi.
Knowledge, awareness and practice regarding needle stick. A sharps injury is penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or another sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or body fluids. Any employee who seroconverts herhis antihiv will be referred by the director of clinical support for appropriate followup care unless the state in which the contracted facility is located mandates the results of the antihiv test remain confidential. Assess the injury establish whether a significant injury has occurred in order for an injury to be considered significant, both the type of injury incurred and the body fluid involved must be highrisk. Most of the time, the person on whom the needle was used doesnt have hepatitis, hiv, or another infection that can be spread that way. Record and monitor injuries with an injury register in each location of healthcare setting. Injuries from needles used in medical procedures are sometimes called needle stick or sharps injuries. Needle stick injury protocol, prevention and management. These pathogens may also be transmitted by other body fluids. In the event of a sharps injury, the trust will endeavour to reduce the effects of that injury to the absolute minimum. Beyond clinical settings, naloxone also appears to decrease the risk of opioid overdose when distributed in communitybased programs. College of pharmacists of manitoba 200 tache avenue, winnipeg, manitoba r2h 1a7. If you experienced a needlestick or sharps injury or were exposed to the blood or other body fluid of a patient during the course of your work, immediately follow these steps.
Every needlestick injury has the potential to cause serious harm. Needle stick protocol one of your employees gets stuck with a contaminated needle. It is designed as a quick reference guide in order to rapidly acquaint the intended user with postexposure situations. Contamination incidents including needlestick injuries frequently asked questions 1. St gemmas hospice infection control needlestick or sharps. What should i do immediately if one of my staff has had a contamination injury. Indeed, it is estimated that in excess of 600,000 needle stick. Flush splashes to the nose, mouth, or skin with water. Needle stick injuries in healthcare workers are almost completely preventable by improving workplace practices, but when they do occur the consequences for the individual can be serious, regardless of the outcome in terms of infection. American nurses associations needlestick prevention guide.
Diseases that could be transmitted by a needle or needlestick injury include human immunodeficiency virus hiv, hepatitis b. When the employee reports to the student health center, a complete evaluation will be. Needle stick injuries can be preventable if safety is followed in the work place. In fact, contraction of hepatitis b or hepatitis c from workrelated nsis is one of the most common occupational hazards among health. Management of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids 2017 5 table 2. Washington state dept of labor and industries web resources. Medical workers are at risk for getting injured by needles and other devices used to puncture or lacerate the skin sharps. Post exposure prophylaxis pep naco guidelines post. Feb 01, 20 an estimated 1 million needlestick injuries nsis occur in europe each year. Communicable disease control blood and body fluid exposure management october 2017 page 3 2. Needlestick injuries, blood or body fluid exposure information and test forms hepatitis b, hepatitis c and hiv may be contracted through exposure to any body fluid, particularly blood. Workers in many occupations, including first responders, housekeeping personnel in some industries, nurses and other healthcare personnel, all may be at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens.
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